Polar Patterns

Polar Patterns 

Polar Patterns show how the sound is being picked up by the different types of microphones.

Cardioid Polar Pattern

Cardioid Patterns: These show a lot of sensitivity in front of the mic and low sensitivity at the back.

Super cardioid Polar Pattern

Super cardioid Patterns: These depict microphones picking up signals from a single sound. They are mostly used in noisy areas.

Omnidirectional: These are the type of microphones in which sounds come equally in all the directions and the sensitivity at all the angles is equal. 

Bidirectional Polar Patterns

Bidiractional: This is a type of microphone in which the figure is likely to be a figure of eight if one can see the pattern which is invisible. This is also likely to be a Large Diaphragm Microphone. The sound of this microphone only obtains sound from in front and also from the back. 

http://www.shure.eu/support_download/educational_content/microphones-basics/microphone_polar_patterns

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_MMHi8bQVv0